Food waste recycler Andigestion achieves prestigious ADCS certification

ADBA Press Release:

Food waste recycler Andigestion’s Holsworthy site in Devon has become only the third plant in the UK to achieve certification under a new scheme which recognises good operational, environmental, and health & safety performance.

Holsworthy recycles up to 76,000 tonnes of the south west’s household and commercial food waste each year and through its anaerobic digestion (AD) process, produces 70MWh of clean, green, and eco-friendly electricity per day - enough to power 6,000 homes. The by-product of the process – a mineral-rich, liquid biofertiliser – is used by local farmers as a sustainable alternative to carbon-intensive chemical fertilisers.

The plant, near Bude, has now been certified under the Anaerobic Digestion Certification Scheme (ADCS), an industry-led initiative designed to raise standards and recognise good practice in the running of AD plants. The scheme provides an independent audit process and reports that help operators to ensure they are meeting required standards and identify areas for improvement. It is managed by the Anaerobic Digestion and Bioresources Association (ADBA), the UK’s trade body for AD.

“Andigestion has always been ahead of the curve in terms of innovation and processes, and the main driver for applying for ADCS certification is our wish to maintain continual improvement,” commented Tom Brown, Compliance Officer at Andigestion. “Certification goes some way to demonstrating that we are on top of things while the compliance system ensures that any changes to the way we operate are made the right way.”

And Mike Lowe, Operations Director at Andigestion added: “Naturally we’re delighted to be one of just three plants in the whole of the UK to be awarded this certification and I am extremely proud of our on-site compliance team and all members of staff whose high standards of management and professionalism enable us to deliver safe and sustainable practices each and every day.”

Sam Hinton, Technical Support Manager at ADBA said: "We congratulate Andigestion for achieving the ADCS certification, which demonstrates their commitment to operational excellence. They will reap obvious benefits from the recognition - not only improved performance and productivity, whilst adhering to high environmental, health and safety standards, but also confidence from their employees, customers, regulators, insurance companies, and neighbours. We're also delighted that, as the first plant to achieve ADCS certification in 2020, they lead the way in showing other operators how to conduct business during these uncertain times."

In addition to its Holsworthy site, Andigestion also operates the Bishops Cleeve AD plant near Cheltenham, Gloucestershire, which recycles up to 34,000 tonnes of food waste a year and which will also be assessed for ADCS certification.

 Through the production of biomethane gas which is fed into the national grid, Bishops Cleeve contributes enough energy for around 10,000 homes a year.

- ENDS -

What is Anaerobic Digestion?

Anaerobic digestion - what is it? The success story of anaerobic digestion is getting around. 

That means that more and more people are asking the question; "What is Anaerobic Digestion?"

At this blog we have a habit of quoting others, because very often what we would say has been said already, and usually very succinctly as well. 

We think that the following online excerpts should amply help answer the question of the day, namely; "What is Anaerobic Digestion?"

Definitions of Anaerobic digestion

Anaerobic digestion is the natural process in which microorganisms break down organic matter in the absence of air (an anaerobic environment). 

Anaerobic digestion creates usable products such as biogas and digested material. via Frequent Questions about Anaerobic Digestion

Anaerobic digestion is a biological process whereby bacteria break down organic material into more basic compounds without requiring oxygen as a component of the process. 

A Process Which is Older Than You Could Even Think You Could Imagine!

These bacteria are believed to have appeared on Earth approximately 3,800,000,000 years ago ... via What Is Anaerobic Digestion?

Why Anaerobic Digestion Is Becoming the Next Big Renewable Energy Source

When Resourceful Earth Limited announced it would be building a facility to convert 35,000 tons of the local food waste to power each year, enough to provide 80 percent of the energy to the nearby town of Keynsham, U.K, the company became the latest to [reinforce the view that anaerobic digestion will gain the reputation if deserves as an all-round winning process] ... via Why Anaerobic Digestion Is Becoming the Next Big Renewable Energy Source

What is the anaerobic digestion process?

This is a digestion process in the absence of oxygen. This process however do not take place in the living body. This is a digestion process in the absence of oxygen. This process however does not take place in the living body. via What is anaerobic digestion process?

Now that we have got your interest. Why not read that following articles about anaerobic digestion?

Trash to treasure: The benefits of waste-to-energy technologies

Methods to produce fuel from municipal waste include biochemical, such as anaerobic digestion and fermentation, and thermochemical, such as hydrothermal liquefaction, pyrolysis and gasification. The resulting energy products include renewable natural gas ... via Trash to treasure: The benefits of waste-to-energy technologies

Changing the face of waste management in Africa 

Anaerobic digestion: The decomposition of organic waste in the absence of oxygen. • Incineration: The mass burning of waste to reduce the volume of waste and enable the production of energy in the form of electricity and/or heat. • In-vessel composting ... via Changing the face of waste management in Africa

Anaerobic Digestion: Turning Waste into Renewable Energy

Since 2008, Massachusetts has made enormous strides in the field of renewable energy. While you are probably familiar with solar panels and wind turbines, there are many more options that are friendlier to the environment than fossil fuels. With the ... via Anaerobic Digestion: Turning Waste into Renewable Energy

There are also different types of anaerobic digestion, such as:

Low-temp anaerobic digestion

Conventional anaerobic biodigesters do a fine job of breaking manure down into basic elements, but they need temperatures of 35 to 40 C. For high-speed biodigesters, it’s more like 50 C. 

All of this biodigestion is good for the environment, but the supplemental heat is a major operating cost, no matter what fuel is burned.

To further complicate matters, conventional anaerobic digesters become chemically unstable and lose their ability to function should the temperature fluctuate.

However, a biological breakthrough has eliminated the need for energy input. It’s called low-temperature anaerobic digestion and requires temperatures of 20 to 25 C. via Low-temp anaerobic digestion

Dry Anaerobic Digestion: Towards a sustainable agricultural waste
management using dry anaerobic digestion

 Treatment of wastewater containing high concentrations of nitrogen from pig farming is an ongoing environmental problem. Can dry anaerobic digestion technology solve the problem of how best to treat pig manure, including piggery wastewater? Treatment of ..

via Towards sustainable agricultural waste management using dry anaerobic digestion

Your residuals or black bag waste can also be "digested":

Anaerobic Digestion: The last frontier for municipal solid waste

Europe could help give an impression of what the U.S. waste disposal industry can become and what future role anaerobic digestion (AD) may play in increasing landfill diversion, producing biogas, nutrient-rich products and compost for municipalities. via Anaerobic Digestion: The last frontier for municipal solid waste

Anaerobic Digestion Creates Heat but is UK Industry Overheating?

The anaerobic digestion process creates heat, and this is especially useful when it is used on the site of the digestion plant or is piped of-site to heat homes, and be used in industries near to the AD Plant. But, in another, largely political sense has it been overheating? Has there been such a large increase in the number of AD facilities in the UK that the government has decided that like the wind power and solar industries, whatever their industry experts say the industry no longer needs government subsidies to continue to grow?

In this article we will provide information on both the "heat" and the "overheating" of the UK biogas industry. First we will look at a case study where heat exchangers have been used, as part of a renewable heat system:

HRS heat exchangers creates anaerobic digestion plant for Muntons

The food sector has invested heavily in bioenergy projects such as biomass boilers and anaerobic digestion but where heat which is generated or used in one part of a process is lost rather than reused, according to HRS.

Image by cizauskas via Flickr

One of the most common situations where heat is wasted is where businesses have installed an AD plant to manage their food waste and factory by-products, said Matt Hale, international sales manager, HRS Heat Exchangers.

Heineken, Weetabix, Maltesers & Ovaltine

“In most cases the primary energy output is electricity supported by Feed-in-Tariffs (FITs) which is used on site or exported to the grid,” he added.

“The electricity is generated by a gas engine combined heat and power plant, but what happens to the heat? In some cases it is used for processing or heating the food factory, but often not to its full potential.

“Implementing HRS heat exchanger technology, to use waste heat from one process to fuel another, could save food factories 7.5 pence per kWh² used.”

One such company is Muntons malted ingredients based in Suffolk, UK which supplies malt to Heineken beer, Weetabix, Maltesers and Ovaltine.

The firm uses 250,000 tonnes of barley to manufacture 180,000 tonnes of malt pa, which it sells the brewing and distilling industry and makes a range of malted ingredients used in food, confectionery and baking.

The company is currently putting the finishing touches to its £5.4m on-site anaerobic digestion (AD) plant. Integral to the success of the 499 kW facility is a 3 Tank Batch Sludge Pasteuriser System with Energy Recovery from HRS Heat Exchangers, which will help turn 80,000 tonnes of Muntons’ liquid malt waste into biogas and organic fertiliser.

This biofertiliser will be then be applied to local farmland, helping the company’s network of growers to produce the barley needed to make Muntons’ malt.

“For Muntons, this whole project has been about maximising efficiency. Although they have an abundance of heat, they still wanted to recapture what they could and our heat exchangers will provide at least 40% heat regeneration,” said Hale.

AD is a fast-growing industry in the UK 

He added AD is a fast-growing industry in the UK and has seen a steep rise in operational plants: from 192 in 2009 to 335 in January 2015. AD could deliver 10% of Britain’s domestic gas demands and reduce UK greenhouse gas emissions by 2%+ if industry reaches its potential: 40TWh of energy.Via HRS heat exchangers creates anaerobic digestion plant for Muntons

Gaunts Estate Anaerobic Digestion District Heating

Gaunts Estate near Wimborne, Dorset is the site of three new district heating schemes, powered by three separate anaerobic digestion plants.

Throughout the schemes, 1600m of REHAU’s flexible, pre-insulated RAUVITHERM pipework is being installed to connect the AD plants to the various farms, dwellings and countryside buildings on the estate.

via Gaunts Estate Anaerobic Digestion District Heating

The huge jump upward in the quantity of United Kingdom gas which was supplied by biogas from anaerobic digestion (AD) and landfill gas last year, has been lept upon by the UK government as evidence that there is a similar overheating of the biogas industry in the UK to that seen in solar power farms, and wind turbines, and seems to have given them an excuse to reduce subsidies. 

The degree to which the industry has been "heating up" (in other words over-achieving government targets) making Conservative politicians confident that they can save UK taxpayers money, and still achieve EU climate change targets, is shown in the paragraphs below.

Parliamentary report shows green gas heating up

A report [n Novermber 201]...by the Parliamentary Office of Science and Technology (POST), which used data collated from ADBA’s 2015 market report, has shown that seven per cent of the UK’s indigenous gas was supplied by biogas from anaerobic digestion (AD) and landfill gas last year. 

In 2014, the UK produced 37 billion cubic metres (bcm) of natural gas and biogas combined; 2.6bcm of which was generated from AD and landfill. Since then the biomethane industry has quadrupled in scale, with 40 gas-to-grid plants now generating enough indigenous gas to heat over 100,000 homes or fuel around ten per cent of the UK’s bus fleet. POST estimate that UK natural gas production will fall from 2016, with biogas becoming an increasingly important part of our gas supplies. 

The POST report’s release comes a week before the Spending Review, which will set out the government’s plans for future support for biomethane, and follows a recently leaked letter from the Energy Secretary, Amber Rudd, to her Cabinet colleagues that appears to signal recognition for biomethane’s role in a sustainable UK energy mix.  

 ADBA’s Chief Executive, Charlotte Morton, commented:

The fact that green gas represented 7% of the UK’s indigenous gas supply in 2014 represents a colossal milestone for the biogas industry. And the timing could not be better as the Chancellor considers the future of the Renewable Heat Incentive, which is crucial to facilitate further growth in biomethane, in his Spending Review announcement next week.

With continued support for additional biomethane capacity, anaerobic digestion could potentially meet 30% of UK domestic gas demand.

The UK needs 20TWh more renewable heat by 2020 to meet the government’s 12% target – biomethane could deliver a third of that. via Parliamentary report shows green gas heating up | News | ADBA | Anaerobic Digestion & Bioresources Association

Has the UK government cut the biogas subsidies so hard that they kill off the young UK anaerobic digestion plant industry, and ruin the UK's, so far, good record of compliance with climate change targets? They seem not to care about removing the heat, but will the industry go too far off-the-boil?

We will report on the effects of recent UK government announcements on biogas plant subsidy reductions again in a further posting to this blog soon.

The Anaerobic Digestion Processes Used For Municipal Solid Waste Diversion Away From Landfill And Biogas

Increasingly Anaerobic Digestion Processes are being Applied To Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) for the production of biogas as a renewable energy source, and also for Waste Diversion. Waste Diversion in this context means the diversion of waste (especially organic waste) away form landfill.

The Anaerobic Digestion Process Flow Diagram – Material and Energy

Anaerobic digestion (AD) of MSW is often part of an MBT Plant (Mechanical Biological Treatment Plant) and the AD process is applied to the organic fraction of the waste which is separated from the mixed residual waste which the householders place in their “black bag” and is known as residual waste. To start with the municipal solid waste feedstock is macerated (chopped up in specialized knifing equipment) with the addition of a large proportion of process water to provide either a dilute thin (‘wet’), or thick (‘dry’), slurry that can be fed into a digester tank. This stage also normally includes a useful decontamination stage to remove heavy and light contaminants through wet gravimetric (gravity based) separation.

The digestion process takes place in sealed tanks (digesters) that are normally mixed thoroughly using externally mounted pumps which pull the liquor out into the pump, which while returning it ejects it at speed again into the tank, or stiring blades, to maximise contact between microbes and waste. Mixing can also be achieved using the methane gas by pumping it out from the reservoir above the digestor reactor into the tank, and allowing it to bubble up to the surface to create a mixing effect.

The AD process can be operated at mesophilic (typically 30 – 40°C) or thermophilic (typically 50 – 60°C) temperatures (see Table). Dry Anaerobic Digestion processes work well in the thermophilic range of temperatures. Wet processes can be either mesophilic or thermophilic with the first being the most commonly adopted for MSW AD. The EU Animal By-Products Regulations (ABPR) (current at time of writing but in case of changes readers must check for themselves) require the pasteurization of MSW which is classed as a mixed source AD waste, to a standard method which ensures a temperature of 70°C for one hour. UK legislation has an alternative option which (at the time of writing) requires treatment for 57°C for 5 hours.
AD processes can be single step processes where all the waste is placed into a single digestion stage (biogas reactor tank) or multiple step processes.

Multiple step processes usually include a separate hydrolysis stage, which can be either aerobic or anaerobic. Hydrolysis (heating to a high temperature and raising the pressure) is used to optimize the breakdown of complex organic material into soluble compounds. This is most often followed by a high-rate AD process for biogas production. The AD process can take place in a number of vessels, or just one, but normally two are employed, one as a hydrolysis vessel and the second as the digester.

An example would be to use thermal hydrolysis of the organic content of MSW followed by anaerobic digestion to produce a biogas that is burnt in an engine electricity generator set. The reason for using a hydrolyser, is the addition of this process stage results in more of the degradable material in the feed being converted into biogas, rather than just passing through and emerging in the digestate.

The key process stages which would be seen in the waste processing plant (MBT Plant or MRF) include an MSW reception area, shredding, and a form of wet separator, where the biodegradable material is separated from the inert and reject (sometimes called “contrary”) material. A thermal hydrolysis stage is a feature of many MSW biogas process systems, followed by a one stage anaerobic digestion process.

The AD plant utilizes the biogas produced is often used to power an engine, which powers a generator, with waste heat recovery that delivers the steam and heat to the hydrolyser and digesters.

Anaerobic Digestion Processes – Commonly Considered Process Options

Anaerobic Digestion Process Option Diagram

It is accepted by many AD professionals that the rate-controlling step in the anaerobic digestion of MSW is the hydrolysis of complex materials such as cellulose, in paper and leaves etc. in the waste. The process converts the waste into small soluble molecules such as glucose, which can then be easily digested by the biogas producing microbes. In the commercially available process this conversion is accelerated by heating the material under pressure to around 150°C. This results in substantially more of the biodegradable material being made available for conversion into gas and ensures the feed material is also sterilized, as required by the EU Animal By-Products Regulations.

After this initial anaerobic composting period (when there is biogas production) the raw compost is placed in windrows (often out in the open) to mature for an additional 5-6 weeks, in the same way as for aerobic composting treatment. The matured compost is then passed through a trommell screen to remove any plastics.

In a final processing step to produce a digestate product for sale, the compost can be blended with additives (e.g. sand, brick dust). Plus, Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium) can be added to meet different specifications from wholesale and retail sellers, and bagged if required.

Assessing Anaerobic Digester Cost for On-Farm Manure Management Projects

For the right farm business or operator of any process which produces as a by-product a consistent organic waste, an anaerobic digester producing biogas coupled to a generator, can be an excellent long-term investment. The methane biogas will cost less as a fuel than a diesel generator or a standard natural gas generator.

The best examples of implementing an anaerobic digester can mean a facility pays nothing for fuel. Facilities that need to replace a life-expired genset should consider all options, and include a biogas digester model within their energy options.

The decision should ultimately be based on what works best for a particular site and operator when the balance between investment risk incurred by adopting an Anaerobic Digestion process, against the benefits.

But, unfortunately, finding anaerobic digestion cost data to help put a price to the power over a set payback period is as hard as ever.

Government Bodies Who Provide Information on Anaerobic Digestion Costs

Looking to Government Bodies Who Provide Information on their view on Anaerobic Digestion costs, does not prove very productive, nor does it lead to any help with in-depth cost analysis.

We concentrated on finding costs for so called "manure management" biogas plants, and we did find the following statements:

Cost estimates for installing anaerobic digester systems [given here] have been based on manure-fed on-farm digesters. The estimated cost for a digester alone is between $400 and $700 per 1000 pounds of livestock weight to install. For dairy farms producing electricity, the installed cost is estimated at $800 to $1200 per cow for anaerobic digester system installation. The engine-generator can be up to half the cost of the project. Besides installation, it is important to consider insurance, operation and maintenance costs. Annual operation and maintenance costs can range from $11,000 for a small digester to $51,000 for a large system. The U.S. E.P.A.’s AgSTAR program has advised that anaerobic digester installation may not be economical for farms with less than 500 animal units (an animal unit is defined as 1000 pounds live weight), based on energy payback and using solids for bedding or selling as a soil amendment. If generating electricity, the electricity purchase price will have a large influence on the payback rate. Most systems can not be justified on producing electricity alone. Avoided costs of using digested solids as bedding and off setting some heating costs are usually necessary to justify the investment. As anaerobic digester technology continues to improve, it may become more feasible to install anaerobic digester systems on smaller farms. An anaerobic digester system does not run itself, it is not self-maintaining. [There are additional costs.] The system requires continuous monitoring, which is often done using computer-operated sensors. An anaerobic digester system requires temperature and pH regulation, as well as feedstock consistency. It will usually require 30 minutes to an hour per day to make adjustments and perform maintenance. Most systems that have failed were in part because of a lack of oversight and a person to champion the system.

www.scotland.gov.uk/Resource/Doc/1057/... Agstar Themselves Say:

The profitability of a biogas digester depends on the size of the operation, the method of manure management and local energy costs. According to AgSTAR, biogas recovery can be profitable and most effective at existing operations of at least 500 cows or 2,000 swine. Manure should be collected frequently (at least once a week) in a liquid, slurry or semi-solid state. Any electricity that is not used on-site can usually be sold to the local utility.

http://www.nrdc.org/energy/renewables/biogas.asp and Agstar also provides the following table of manure management anaerobic digestion costs: In addition to the above we have found some examples of press releases which provide at least some indication of the cost of their Anaerobic Digestion Plants, and may be worth reading in full to find information about individual biogas project costs.

The small city of Junction City is home to Oregon's first anaerobic digester, at the family-owned and run Lochmead Farms. Although not an incredibly new technology, Lochmead Farms, a dairy producer, is truly a frontrunner in green dairy technology in Oregon. The digester captures methane gas from cow manure and burns it in a turbine to create power. The anaerobic digester cost $2.2 million and was built by Revolution Energy Solutions of Washington, D.C. The digester creates 1.5 million kilowatt-hours of electricity, enough to power 300 homes each year. So much energy is produced that there is enough to sell some to a local public utility. The dairy farm itself, which was founded in 1941, has been at the cutting edge in alternative energy sources as well as local food and vertical business integration. The farm is building solar panels and produces 80 percent of the hay for its dairy cows.

http://www.mass.gov/eea/docs/dep/water/priorities/chp-11.pdf

On 26th August 2013, the second biogas plant at the Viessmann Company’s headquarters in Allendorf (Eder) was inaugurated. The first biogas plant went into operation three years ago. The new wet fermentation plant built by its subsidiary, Schmack Biogas, cost around €7 million. The biogas plant produces 1.5 million cubic metres of biogas annually, enough to provide about 1,650 households with electricity and 370 households with heat.

http://books.google.com/books?... ...biogas+cost?

This article has so far, we freely admit, not yet provided an abundance of data on the cost of anaerobic digestion (biogas) digesters for manure management.

We thought this while writing and tried searching for "anaerobic digester calculator" by using the Google search engine, and while wondering whether our readers might be able to calculate their costs that way we discovered that such calculators do exist. First, we found an interactive Excel spreadsheet calculator.

This one is an alternative method for assessing the viability of an on-farm biogas digester, and is available to members of the National Non-Food Crops Centre (NNFC} which you can join for a charge. There are two membership levels and the cost of these starts at just £80 + VAT (UK Pounds).

Follow the link below for more information: http://www.nnfcc.co.uk/about-nnfcc/member-benefits

 Other biogas digester cost calculators are also available at: http://biorealis.com/wwwroot/digester_revised.html and http://www.esru.strath.ac.uk/EandE/Web_sites/03-04/biomass/calculator.html

Latest News in the Anaerobic Digestion of Dairy Manure

In order to pick up the skills needed to take the plunge and invest in anaerobic digestion technology on any farm a degree in the subject is not essential, but having one and being fresh out of college clearly helps, as in our first news item, which follows:

(Image by Michael J. Linden via Flickr.)

Armed with a master’s degree in animal science, Vanderkooi opened the 80-acre farm near Abbotsford, British Columbia, in June of 2010. He has since established himself as a pioneer among small-scale, sustainable farm owners.
An anaerobic digester is one of the key technologies that Vanderkooi uses in his quest to reduce his farm’s ecological footprint. This machine turns the methane gas released from cow manure into electricity. About 65 percent of cow manure is composed of methane, making it an abundant energy resource. Over the course of a year, Bakerview EcoDairy is able to offset a third of the energy needed to operate the farm, thanks to the digester and a small herd of 50 cows.

ᔥHarnessing The Hidden Power of Cow Manure | QUEST
The anaerobic digestion of dairy manure was in the news again when we are told that "manure makes heat", but not initially by anaerobic digestion. Here is a novel idea for gaining heat from a compsting pile, and we cite the following in order to explain:

The pile consists of layers of cow manure and hay embedded with temperature probes, Crockenberg said. It is also negatively aerated, meaning that it draws in air through the pile into the greenhouse, he said.
The goal of the pile is to provide CO2 and heat to tomatoes growing inside the greenhouse. This would mean that no fossil fuels would be needed to heat the house in the winter.
But the energy has to come from somewhere. That is where the manure comes in.
By providing the organic material for the microbes to feast on, the cow manure is the source of heat and nutrients for the plants.
“The pile takes in manure and other organic wastes as an energy source,” Cooke said. “It kills two birds with one stone. The farmers can dispose of manure and heat the greenhouse.”

Later, however, we are told that this is only part of the project which will include:

"...anaerobic digestion, solar powered technology, aquaponic fish and vegetable production, gourmet mushrooms, a restaurant, nano-brewery and access to the future skate park and marina, a May Cynic article stated."

ᔥManure makes heat - Vermont Cynic

Clearly, there is plenty of news about projects involving the anaerobic digestion of dairy manure currently in the US. More snippets are:

A 10-year effort has come to fruition for a local business. On Monday, A1 Organics in Eaton — the region’s largest commercial composting and organic recycling company — announced it had entered an agreement, worth tens of millions of dollars, with a renewable energy business to develop what could be the largest anaerobic digester project in the U.S. The anaerobic digestion system will convert organic feedstock, or substrate, and dairy cow manure into raw biogas. That raw biogas will be processed into pipeline-quality renewable natural gas, and then be supplied to a municipality.

ᔥEaton business developing state's first anaerobic digester to convert manure ... - Greeley Tribune

Dane County’s first manure digester, which began operation in 2011, is located in rural Dane at 6321 Cuba Valley Road — that’s in the town of Vienna just north of Waunakee.
It serves three farms and is estimated to produce about 16 million kilowatt hours of electricity annually, enough to power approximately 2,500 homes.
A second digester, which is scheduled to be completed later this year, is located just west of the corner of Church Road and Schneider Road in the town of Springfield, west of Middleton. It also serves three farms and is expected to produce the same amount of electricity.
County Executive Joe Parisi’s 2014 budget includes a couple of additional items for the Springfield digester. It will include a system that removes 100 percent of the phosphorus, which is responsible for causing algae growth in the Yahara chain of lakes.
It also will include a drop-off facility for other farmers to bring loads of manure as an alternative to spreading during poor runoff conditions.

ᔥJust Ask Us: Where are Dane County's manure digesters located? - 77Square.com