Digester Covers - Digester Cover Design for Biogas Plants

Every digester depends upon its cover to provide a good air-seal, but are you aware of the digester cover types and the other purposes of these covers?

In this article and in our video below which includes the same content as this page, we talk about digester cover design and the popularity of membrane digester covers.

Many covers are available from manufacturers/ suppliers like Walker Process Digester Covers.

In fact, we think you will find digester gas storage, whether as a floating roof digester cover, double membrane gas holder, to be an interesting subject. See also suppliers/contractors Westech Engineering, and Ovivo for digester cover designs

To see our other, (more comprehensive) article, visit:
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The Video Transcription Text Follows:

Digester Covers. Those Distinctive-lLooking Curved, Biogas Tank-Tops

Anaerobic-digestion plant biogas-digesters, are normally covered with a fixed, or floating top, for gas collection.

These tank tops are a very distinctive shape. Once you recognize that shape, an anaerobic-digestion plant is easy to spot from a distance.

There are 3 types:

1.. Floating covers which rise-and-fall according to the volume of gas and substrate and their weight provides the gas pressure.
2. Fixed covers which require a separate biogas-holder connected to the space above the digester, that allows the gas to move in both directions.
3. The most popular and easily-recognised distinctive double flexible-membrane covers.

In all but the first type of digester-cover, the pressure of the gas is controlled by an automatic pump.
Digester covers are designed to provide the following:

a) A permanent seal to prevent oxygen from entering the digester.
b) A degree of pressurisation to the biogas.
c) In cold countries, the cover must provide heat-insulation to keep the digester warm.

Double membrane digester covers are popular, due to their low cost, and when manufactured to high-quality standards they have a remarkably-long service-life.

We hope you found this video interesting.

A Note on Double Membrane Cover Pressurisation

In double-membrane cover designs, the outer cover is usually pressurised with the low-oxygen content exhaust from an engine-generator or boiler, etc. The low oxygen level gas between the outer membrane and the inner reduces the explosion risk.

It also provides a durable and intrinsically safe, warm gas shell over the flexible, inner biogas collection cover and digester cell itself.

The outer cover is maintained at a preset pressure, to hold the outer membrane taught. Taught enough to withstand tornado strength winds.

Snow, sleet and ice is no problem to these roofs because all are rapidly melted off of the outer cover due to its warmth.

The inner digester cover is, as a result, never directly exposed to wind or sunlight. That extends its useful life considerably.

The flexible inner cover is allowed to rise and fall based on the rates of biogas production and biogas fuel demand.

These covers, when fitted over digesters, tend to provide in the region of 48 hours of Biogas storage.

Now you can read the full blog article at http://anaerobic-hyphen-digestion.com/digester-covers
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What is Anaerobic Digestion?

Anaerobic digestion - what is it? The success story of anaerobic digestion is getting around. 

That means that more and more people are asking the question; "What is Anaerobic Digestion?"

At this blog we have a habit of quoting others, because very often what we would say has been said already, and usually very succinctly as well. 

We think that the following online excerpts should amply help answer the question of the day, namely; "What is Anaerobic Digestion?"

Definitions of Anaerobic digestion

Anaerobic digestion is the natural process in which microorganisms break down organic matter in the absence of air (an anaerobic environment). 

Anaerobic digestion creates usable products such as biogas and digested material. via Frequent Questions about Anaerobic Digestion

Anaerobic digestion is a biological process whereby bacteria break down organic material into more basic compounds without requiring oxygen as a component of the process. 

A Process Which is Older Than You Could Even Think You Could Imagine!

These bacteria are believed to have appeared on Earth approximately 3,800,000,000 years ago ... via What Is Anaerobic Digestion?

Why Anaerobic Digestion Is Becoming the Next Big Renewable Energy Source

When Resourceful Earth Limited announced it would be building a facility to convert 35,000 tons of the local food waste to power each year, enough to provide 80 percent of the energy to the nearby town of Keynsham, U.K, the company became the latest to [reinforce the view that anaerobic digestion will gain the reputation if deserves as an all-round winning process] ... via Why Anaerobic Digestion Is Becoming the Next Big Renewable Energy Source

What is the anaerobic digestion process?

This is a digestion process in the absence of oxygen. This process however do not take place in the living body. This is a digestion process in the absence of oxygen. This process however does not take place in the living body. via What is anaerobic digestion process?

Now that we have got your interest. Why not read that following articles about anaerobic digestion?

Trash to treasure: The benefits of waste-to-energy technologies

Methods to produce fuel from municipal waste include biochemical, such as anaerobic digestion and fermentation, and thermochemical, such as hydrothermal liquefaction, pyrolysis and gasification. The resulting energy products include renewable natural gas ... via Trash to treasure: The benefits of waste-to-energy technologies

Changing the face of waste management in Africa 

Anaerobic digestion: The decomposition of organic waste in the absence of oxygen. • Incineration: The mass burning of waste to reduce the volume of waste and enable the production of energy in the form of electricity and/or heat. • In-vessel composting ... via Changing the face of waste management in Africa

Anaerobic Digestion: Turning Waste into Renewable Energy

Since 2008, Massachusetts has made enormous strides in the field of renewable energy. While you are probably familiar with solar panels and wind turbines, there are many more options that are friendlier to the environment than fossil fuels. With the ... via Anaerobic Digestion: Turning Waste into Renewable Energy

There are also different types of anaerobic digestion, such as:

Low-temp anaerobic digestion

Conventional anaerobic biodigesters do a fine job of breaking manure down into basic elements, but they need temperatures of 35 to 40 C. For high-speed biodigesters, it’s more like 50 C. 

All of this biodigestion is good for the environment, but the supplemental heat is a major operating cost, no matter what fuel is burned.

To further complicate matters, conventional anaerobic digesters become chemically unstable and lose their ability to function should the temperature fluctuate.

However, a biological breakthrough has eliminated the need for energy input. It’s called low-temperature anaerobic digestion and requires temperatures of 20 to 25 C. via Low-temp anaerobic digestion

Dry Anaerobic Digestion: Towards a sustainable agricultural waste
management using dry anaerobic digestion

 Treatment of wastewater containing high concentrations of nitrogen from pig farming is an ongoing environmental problem. Can dry anaerobic digestion technology solve the problem of how best to treat pig manure, including piggery wastewater? Treatment of ..

via Towards sustainable agricultural waste management using dry anaerobic digestion

Your residuals or black bag waste can also be "digested":

Anaerobic Digestion: The last frontier for municipal solid waste

Europe could help give an impression of what the U.S. waste disposal industry can become and what future role anaerobic digestion (AD) may play in increasing landfill diversion, producing biogas, nutrient-rich products and compost for municipalities. via Anaerobic Digestion: The last frontier for municipal solid waste

4 Tips for Choosing the Best Digester Cleaning Contractors

Digester Cleansing is quickly becoming a discrete business niche within the Anaerobic digestion market.

In the UK six firms actively market their digester cleaning service.

The build-up of grit and debris in biogas plant reactors is all too often being discovered. Undoubtedly this negatively influences the procedure of anaerobic digestion.

It can drastically reduce biogas output, and reduce the income from a biogas plant.

As even more Biogas Plants come on-stream, and existing plants age. the need for digester cleansing is rising.

The sensible, anaerobic-digestion plant driver, will certainly look for to select a specialist digester cleaning service provider.

The biogas plant operator will normally desire the professional digester cleansing service provider to move ahead quickly, and also as rapidly as feasible, to clean-out their bothersome digester container, or storage tanks.

Yet, all digester cleansing tasks hold a lot of prospective threats for injury or even death.

All confined space access, as an example, will certainly call for to be done to the highest possible health and safety standards. To prevent either explosion or asphyxiation, or perhaps drowning.

All of this needs a high degree of experience, comprehensive security training, as well as obviously, tools that is created to get the work done the proper way.

So, guarantee that the cleansing service provider has the right equipment and properly trained staff to utilize it.

Ensure that job will certainly be properly monitored as well as abide by all regional health and safety laws.

The competent cleaning contractor will use special, high powered vacuum trucks along with mobile screening, and water therapy devices to refine the waste water and also solids, for secure disposal.

Ensure that the Cleaning Contractors recognize all local water release top quality restrictions, as well as have consisted of for conformity in their cost.

Celvac Environmental Supplies Digester and also Storage tank Cleansing UK Wide.

Contact Celvac at: www.celvac.co.uk

Anaerobic digester types - Wikipedia

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anaerobic_digester_types

The following is a partial list of types of anaerobic digesters. These processes and systems ... Appropriate technology · Clean technology · Environmental design · Environmental impact assessment · Sustainable development · Sustainable ...

Digester - Wikipedia

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Digester

A digester is a huge vessel where chemical or biological reactions are carried out. These are used in different types of process industries.

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Anaerobic Digester Cleaning - Why Clean? Plus Biogas Tank Pumping Contractors

Digester Cleaning - Why Do it?

The most common reason for anaerobic digestion plant digester cleaning by Digester Cleaning Contractors is to restore digesters to optimum biogas output.

However, it may also be necessary to empty digester tanks simply to inspect them for wear or corrosion, and cleaning may also be needed in order to repair leaks.

When digester tanks are drained there will normally always be a lot of grit, stones, and general trash left in the bottom.

This will need to be removed, and doing this is usually considered to be a specialist job. The reason why the digester operator is well-advised not do this using in-house staff is normally due to the health and safety hazards involved.

 It is incumbent upon all biogas plant operators globally to ensure that the digester cleaning contractors awarded this work are properly experienced and apply all local regulations both in connection with their work on-site, but also act responsibly to dispose of the materials which are removed from digester tanks during cleaning.

Some older biogas tank installations have to be emptied before worn out mixers and other internally fitted equipment can be replaced.

Celvac's Mobile Digester Cleaning Rig

In the UK and Europe the ATEX Regulations apply to digester tanks, due to the potential for there to be explosive biogas in digester tanks after emptying. Each EU country has its own daughter regulations which apply the ATEX Directives in member states. In England and Wales, the ATEX Directive is applied within the DSEA Regulations.

In the US, the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH), is the point of reference for ensuring safety during these works.

A common reason for anaerobic digestion plant digester cleaning by Digester Cleaning Contractors is to restore digesters to optimum biogas output, however, it may also be necessary to empty digester tanks simply to inspect them for wear or corrosion, and cleaning may also be needed in order to repair leaks.
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More Information about digester cleaning:
Digester Cleaning - GTS Maintenance Limited
www.gtsnitrogenservices.co.uk/digester-cleaning
Using silt separation equipment, we are able to carry out effective digester cleaning, while preventing fine materials being carried over. Contact us on 01773 ...
Digester Tank Cleaning, Wastewater Digester Cleaning | Digester ...
www.caryloncorp.com/digester-cleaning.html
Overloading, lack of adequate oxidation time, loss of gas recovery, or invasion of crustacea, grit and trash, can cause a wastewater digester to function at only a ...
Digester Cleaning (inside the cone of Digester) -
29 Dec 2009 - Uploaded by Vergil McGrath
North American Digester Cleaning Services is performing a Digester clean-out. Video is shot from manhole of ...
Digester Cleaning - Synagro
www.synagro.com › Offerings
Synagro can serve your cleaning and servicing needs for aerobic and anaerobic digesters, aeration basins, storage tanks and other municipal and industrial ...
Digester & Sludge Tank Cleaning | Burch Hydro Inc.
burchhydro.com/Services/Digester-Tank-Cleaning
Digester and Sludge Tank Cleaning Services. Removal of residual sludge from digesters and other storage and process tanks can often be unexpectedly ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anaerobic_digestion
Anaerobic digestion is a collection of processes by which microorganisms break down ... Anaerobic digesters can also be fed with purpose-grown energy crops, such as maize. ..... gas scrubbing and cleaning equipment (such as amine gas treating) will be needed to process the biogas to within regionally accepted levels.
Anaerobic digester types - Wikipedia
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anaerobic_digester_types
The following is a partial list of types of anaerobic digesters. These processes and systems ... Appropriate technology · Clean technology · Environmental design · Environmental impact assessment · Sustainable development · Sustainable ...
Digester - Wikipedia
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Digester
A digester is a huge vessel where chemical or biological reactions are carried out. These are used in different types of process industries.
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Agricultural Farm Slurry Pumps and Pumping - Save Money with Borger and Gissing FE

We are pleased to be able to report that highly significant savings have been achieved in agricultural slurry pumping costs at a farm-based AD Plant in Lincolnshire, as reported by Borger Pumps in combination with the distributor of their agricultural products Gissing FE.

 Watch our video below, or read the written article below, and we think that you will agree that this seems to be exactly what has been done by a clever combination of skills.

It's a combination of pump specialist Borger's skills, and the practical application of know-how by Gissing FE, made possible by an in-depth appreciation of what the farmer needs.

 This has reportedly made great savings by getting advanced pump technology work on the ground for the farmer. In fact, they do seem to have worked a bit of magic, with this trailer mounted product!

The trailer-mounted pump system and Bioselect Slurry Separator (also known as a Digestate Separator ) can be moved easily to where it is needed, and the case study farm businesses previous problems with high maintenance and the need to run multiple centrifugal pumps to achieve necessary high pressures, appear to have been solved. Solved with low maintenance and low running cost solution.

 However, the exact methods used are quite complex, so we recommend that you either watch the video above or read the article below.

Gissing's custom-built slurry pumping container system with Borger's pumps, BioSelect Separator, and macerator,

If, after watching one, you are still in need of an understanding of some of the finer points, we suggest that you watch and read both.

There are a lot of positives to take-in before fully understanding this press release. Press Release:

Big Agricultural Slurry Pumping Savings Achieved at Farm-Based AD Plant

A Borger macerator and two pumps from Borger are helping provide significant agricultural slurry pumping and handling savings at a farm-based AD plant in Lincolnshire.

Part of a custom-built trailer system designed and built by Gissing FE, exclusive distributors of Borger’s equipment for the UK agricultural market, the macerator handles digestate from the farm’s lagoon, whilst the new rotary lobe pumps have replaced inefficient centrifugal units.

Requiring just the one generator to power three electric motors, Gissing’s space-saving (20’ by 15’, including pipework) container system reduces emissions for a spreading operation that would usually need two to three large tractors, plus the diesel and manpower to go with it.

“Previously,” said Jason Gissing, the farmer had to have three centrifugal pumps in line, which with three lots of fuel, was very inefficient.  The impellers on this design of pump will only spin so fast without being able to handle the digestate from the AD plant – and they were also heavy on wearing parts and very time-consuming to service." “However, with the self-priming Borger pumps”, he added, “they hold their pressure much longer to supply a higher volume of slurry – and with their Maintenance-In-Place design, are much, much easier to service – half the time or less than the centrifugal pumps”.

To further benefit the farm’s AD plant, Gissing has also designed its bespoke container system so that it can be utilised for spreading as well as stirring the lagoon.

The Borger pumps can be started, stopped, revved up and down – all from the operator’s cab – from where the driver can also see what flow rates are being achieved, and if necessary, divert.

 Gissing’s experience in the UK agricultural market goes back to 1938.  The company is a fourth-generation family-owned and run team of specialists.

 Borger is owned and run by its founder Alois Börger (who began the company almost 40 years ago), together with his family. In addition to its pumps and macerators,

Borger also supplies its BioSelect Separator for the AD/agricultural market.  The Separator has throughputs up to 150m³/h and can be very easily integrated into an existing system or used as a mobile separator (trailer-based).

via Börger UK Limited - 01902 798977

email: uk@boerger.com

Advances in Agricultural Slurry Pumping Just One Example of UK Anaerobic Digestion Industry Innovation

While the UK anaerobic digestion industry is lacking in government support, as we have reported previously in this blog, and although badly in need of decisions on funding such as the Renewable Heat Incentive (RHI), it can still innovate.

This Press Release once again shows that there is still enormous potential for the anaerobic digestion industry to reduce its biogas production costs, and as it reduces its overheads and passes a proportion of that on to its energy customers, it is cost competitiveness with traditional fossil fuel-based fuels will improve.

 All that is needed is for some short term funding from the UK government to provide the industry with enough confidence to continue investing in technology advances of the sort we see in this press release, and the future of AD will expand greatly.

 There are admittedly some current problems with the availability of some organic feedstock materials, however, there are also many untapped organic feedstock sources which will come available as the cost of anaerobic digestion falls and further innovation, and thus efficiency improvements take place. 

There has also been an explosion in academic research in AD in the last 5 years, new AD processes have been shown to be viable and many variations on existing practices have been researched and shown to have potential.

Very little of that work has yet flowed into the AD industry and given time, it will do so.

 But, very often it is the basic solutions once achieved in what may look like an obvious and simple progression after they have been done, that can have as big an impact as any number of academic reports.

 It is very possible that what we have seen here in Gissing's trailer-mounted Borger equipment is an example of that.

An example of the sort of practical advances which bring the biggest results. In this case study, we think that enabling the system to be run off a generator and used almost anywhere on the farm brings the practicality of the Borger equipment up to a new level of usefulness.

We think that what we have seen confirms the value of the agricultural slurry pumping savings reported at a farm-based AD plant, as reported by Borger working with Gissing FE.

Digestate Separation Using the Borger Bioselect Digestate Separator

In this article we suggest the five top Advantages of Digestate Separation using the Borger Bioselect digestate separation technology, available from manufacturer Börger GmbH, Borken-Weseke, Germany.

What are Borger Bioselect Digestate Separators?

Borger Bioselect Digestate Separator system is achieved using the proven system for digestate pumping, storage, and separation offered by this well-established company.


The Borger Bioselect separator brings to all AD Plant Operators the ability to separate solid fibrous digestate leaving the biogas reactor from the liquid, reliably and cost-effectively.

WHY SEPARATION?

1. Separating the solid fibres which leave the biogas reactor, from the liquid portion of digestate means that overall digestate storage capacity needed at the AD plant is reduced during the maturation period.
2. New uses emerge for both liquid and solid digestate. The separated solid is used by some as an energy source, but usually it is left in windrows for a period before being used as a soil improver and spread back onto the land
3. The Solid Phase can be dewatered to an optimum water content for use as bedding for cattle
4. Liquid Phase is most often used as a fast-acting crop fertilizer, and is easier to sell off-farm after separation.
5. The Liquid phase can then be injected into the soil, meaning no possibility of etching damage to the plants.

WHY NOT FIND OUT MORE ABOUT THE 'BORGER BIOSELECT' DIGESTATE SEPARATION SYSTEM?

The Borger Bioselect digestate separator is a purely mechanical device with low maintenance requirements and needs no chemicals to run, simply switch the system on and start separating!

What Others Are Saying About the Borger Bioselect Digestate Separator - A Web Roundup

The Bioselect BS is a combination of the separation machine and two Rotary Lobe Pumps. These three drive units are joined with a special control unit with various control and safety components.
The separator is load-triggered. The feed pump only conveys the volume which the Bioselect BS is able to process. The high density solids discharge pump determines the degree of thickness. via Pandct.com

“We had a great response to this new product at last year’s show”, said Borger UK’s Managing Director, David Brown, “so it’s time now to give it centre stage. AD operators and farmers seem to like it for the throughputs (up to 60m3/h) and because it can be very easily integrated into an existing system or used as a mobile separator”.
Combining a separator and two Maintenance-In-Place (MIP) Borger rotary lobe pumps, the Bioselect separator is load-triggered, whilst the feed pump ensures that volumes do not exceed capacity. The high density solids-discharge-pump determines the degree of thickness, so the user can (for example) thicken 4 per cent dissolved solids (DS) content liquid into 12 per cent DS to make it suitable for a tanker.
https://www.pinterest.com/pin/121597258672786521/
The Börger Bioselect Separator provides efficient separation technology. Using a purely mechanical process, liquid parts are separated from solid parts in the medium (such as digestate or liquid manure).

The installation options of the Börger Bioselect are as versatile as their requirements. Whether attached to a simple wall bracket, installed on a movable frame with an upstream macerator or as a mobile version with a conveyor belt – the application options of the Bioselect are unique. via AgricultureMachineryBusiness.com

How to Stop Climate Change with Biogas from Sea Kelp Cultivation

How farming giant seaweed can feed fish and fix the climate

Seaweeds can grow very fast – at rates more than 30 times those of land-based plants.



Because they de-acidify seawater, making it easier for anything with a shell to grow, they are also the key to shellfish production. And by drawing CO₂ out of the ocean waters (thereby allowing the oceans to absorb more CO₂ from the atmosphere) they help fight climate change.

The stupendous potential of seaweed farming as a tool to combat climate change was outlined in 2012 by the University of the South Pacific’s Dr Antoine De Ramon N’Yeurt and his team.

Their analysis reveals that if 9% of the ocean were to be covered in seaweed farms, the farmed seaweed could produce 12 gigatonnes per year of biodigested methane which could be burned as a substitute for natural gas.

The seaweed growth involved would capture 19 gigatonnes of CO₂. A further 34 gigatonnes per year of CO₂ could be taken from the atmosphere if the methane is burned to generate electricity and the CO₂ generated captured and stored.

This, they say:

…could produce sufficient biomethane to replace all of today’s needs in fossil-fuel energy, while removing 53 billion tonnes of CO₂ per year from the atmosphere… This amount of biomass could also increase sustainable fish production to potentially provide 200 kilograms per year, per person, for 10 billion people. Additional benefits are reduction in ocean acidification and increased ocean primary productivity and biodiversity.

Nine per cent of the world’s oceans is not a small area. It is equivalent to about four and a half times the area of Australia.

But even at smaller scales, kelp farming has the potential to substantially lower atmospheric CO₂, and this realisation has had an energising impact on the research and commercial development of sustainable aquaculture.

But kelp farming is not solely about reducing CO₂. In fact, it is being driven, from a commercial perspective, by sustainable production of high-quality protein.How farming giant seaweed can feed fish and fix the climate via How farming giant seaweed can feed fish and fix the climate - Reddit: Futurology

Now, I am taking a bit of licence here by including this summary because the author is using the term biomethane as being synonymous with biogas (as most people do in India - the commentator is an Indian Academic), however if, rather than using this energy as electricity it was used to provide CNG (compressed natural gas) also called liquefied renewable natural gas (RNG) it would be even more effective in reducing climate change.

The above is a Reddit comment which summarises the following article:

Bren Smith, an ex-industrial trawler man, operates a farm in Long Island Sound, near New Haven, Connecticut.

Fish are not the focus of his new enterprise, but rather kelp and high-value shellfish. The seaweed and mussels grow on floating ropes, from which hang baskets filled with scallops and oysters. via theconversation.com

More Information about how to reverse climate change:

100 Practical Ways to Reverse Climate Change - National Geographic
news.nationalgeographic.com/.../climate-change-global-warming-drawdown-hawken/
28 May 2017 - When National Geographic caught up with Hawken at his home in San Francisco, he explained why climate change is a gift, not a curse; why ...

A Formula to Reverse Climate Change — The Carbon Underground ...
https://thecarbonunderground.org/the-formula-is-easier-than-you-think/
The data suggest strongly that we can actually reverse climate change, not simply slow it down. Lots of data. And while different studies may use different ...

Regenerative Development to Reverse Climate Change Workshop ...
thecommonwealth.org/.../regenerative-development-reverse-climate-change-workshop...
What more can we do to tackle the challenge of climate change? Is it possible to reverse its impact? Leading scientists and climate experts will meet to explore ...
Climate change mitigation - Wikipedia

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Climate_change_mitigation
Climate change mitigation consists of actions to limit the magnitude or rate of long-term climate change. Climate change mitigation generally involves reductions ...

Greenhouse gas ... · Methods and means · By sector · Costs and benefits
...million years ago by flourishing marine phytoplankton; reversal of global warming 49 million years ago by 800,000 years of arctic azolla blooms ...
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Prioritise Biomethane Use for Buses and HGVs ADBA Biogas Biobus Transport

"Prioritising Biomethane for HGVs and Busses Within UK Clean Air Strategy say ADBA, Should be an Immediate UK Government Goal"

The UK government has just announced plans to phase out petrol and diesel vehicles from the UK.

This is going to bring into sharp focus the need for rapid development in many directions for transport, over the next 20 plus years, from the car technology we will drive, to the infrastructure for refuelling.

 Not least there will be an increased demand for renewable fuels. So, the news must be good for the biogas industry, and the bigger focus on renewable energy which it will bring. On this blog, we bring you a round-up on the news for biomethane in the light of this announcement.

Biomethane is created by biogas plants which have added equipment to "upgrade" their raw biogas to a purer quality and compress it.

When suitably upgraded it is often called CNG (Compressed Natural Gas) and can then be used to power vehicles.

Biomethane is ideal for powering very low emission vehicles.

ADBA Urges Government to Prioritise Biomethane for HGVs & Busses

UK trade body, the Anaerobic Digestion and Bioresources Association (ADBA), has called on the government to make the fuelling of busses and heavy goods vehicles by clean biomethane central to its Clean Air Strategy (i. e. Biomethane for HGVs).

 The organisation explained that biomethane is a low-carbon transport fuel produced by the anaerobic digestion (AD) of organic wastes to create a biogas which can then be upgraded to create a methane-based fuel. 

 According to ADBA, the UK AD industry already has sufficient capacity today to produce enough biomethane to power the UK’s entire bus fleet, and the use of biomethane for buses and HGVs has increased in recent years in response to concerns over the cost of fossil-fuel-based fuels and their negative impact on air quality and greenhouse gas emissions. 

via ADBA Urges Government to Prioritise Biomethane for HGVs & Busses

Biofuels - Biomethane must be central to UK Clean Air Strategy says ADBA

Biomethane is a low-carbon transport fuel produced by anaerobic digestion (AD), a natural process that breaks down organic wastes and purpose-grown crops to create a biogas that can then be upgraded to create a methane-based fuel.

 The UK AD industry currently has sufficient capacity to produce enough biomethane to power the UK’s entire bus fleet (Biomethane for HGVs), and the use of biomethane for buses and HGVs has increased in recent years in response to concerns over the cost of fossil-fuel-based fuels and their negative impact on air quality and greenhouse gas emissions. For instance, in May, Nottingham City

Transport’s unveiled a new £17 million double-deck ‘Bio-Gas’ bus fleet, the largest of its kind in the world. ADBA’s call to arms comes as the Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs (DEFRA) has today (26 July 2017) published its plan to deliver nitrogen dioxide compliance in UK towns and cities, part of a wider Clean Air Strategy due to be published in 2018.

The measures unveiled by DEFRA include £255 million of funding for local authorities to crack down on roadside emissions, including from busses and other types of public transport.

Local councils will be required to produce local air quality plans that reduce nitrogen dioxide levels in the fastest possible time, while local authorities will be able to bid for money from a new Clean Air Fund to support improvements that will reduce the need for restrictions on polluting vehicles. This could include upgrading bus fleets.

  The new measures announced also include the right for van drivers to use heavier vehicles if they are electric or gas-powered.

 “The use of biomethane derived from well-managed feedstocks as vehicular fuel can help to reduce the scandalous levels of air pollution we see in towns and cities across the UK, costing thousands of lives each year” 

said ADBA Chief Executive Charlotte Morton.

 “Local authorities reading the Government’s air quality plans now have the perfect opportunity to follow the example of Nottingham City Transport and others in rolling out biomethane-fuelled municipal bus fleets, which can make huge improvements to air quality in the UK’s towns and cities. 

Over the short to medium term, biomethane presents the only practical means of decarbonising HGVs, buses and non-road mobile machinery. 

 While biomethane has the potential to power every HGV in the country and some pioneers have grasped this opportunity, far more support is needed from government to make it easier for others to follow their example.

 It’s critical that the Government urgently delivers a robust response to the Renewable Transport Fuel Obligation consultation that concluded in January.

A biomethane (biogas) powered bus - Unfortunately, called the poo bus by many...

Long-term support for AD is crucial for reducing emissions from the difficult-to-decarbonise transport sector and for improving air quality in our cities and towns to save lives.”

 To reflect the growing interest in low-carbon fuels such as biomethane, ADBA will be hosting the third UK Biomethane and Gas Vehicle Conference on 28 September 2017 at the Queen’s Hotel in Leeds, bringing together transport, fuel infrastructure, freight, and logistics professionals and local authorities to share the benefits of biomethane and discuss what is required to stimulate and grow the market.

via Biomethane must be central to UK Clean Air Strategy say ADBA

The Anaerobic Digestion and Bioresources Association (ADBA ... which outlines steps to be taken to reduce emissions of Nitrogen Dioxide across the UK. Under the plan, local authorities are expected to deliver local proposals to clean up their air within their local areas.

Renewables

Also commenting on the government’s plan, James Court, head of policy and external affairs at the Renewable Energy Association, backed plans for increased use of renewables in the fuel mix. He said:

“The government can also take steps to reduce carbon emissions and urban pollution today by increasing the amount of renewable biofuels in the petrol mix. 

 “The UK’s renewable fuel industry supports over 10,000 jobs and has attracted more than a billion pounds of investment in the UK’s renewable fuel manufacturing infrastructure, and is critical during the transition towards an electrified fleet.”

Mr Court emphasised that electric vehicles will be an essential part of the future energy system that can;

“improve air quality, decarbonise transport and optimise the UK’s energy infrastructure”. 

But that we need government action to use renewable energy to power electric vehicles, and ensure a “genuinely decarbonised sector”.

via Renewable energy ‘has a role to play’ in Clean Air Plan

ADBA and REA have called on the government to increase the use of renewable biomethane to fuel vehicles, as part of efforts to tackle air pollution in the UK.

Yesterday (26 July), the government published a national plan for tackling roadside Nitrogen Dioxide concentrations as part of its upcoming Clean Air Strategy due in 2018.

The latest policy proposals aim to fight air pollution at a local level and include a commitment to end the sale of new diesel and petrol-only vehicles from 2040.

 Under the government’s plans, local authorities are expected to deliver plans to clean up their air within the next eight months.

The government is offering funding support for changes such as retrofitting and low emission bus technology. via AD biogas ‘can help air quality crisis’   

How Biogas Plant Pumps Drive the Anaerobic Digestion Process

Watch this video for info about Verderflex HUS Screw-channel pumps which have proven to be excellent pumps for anaerobic digestion.

Read here about two examples: “Recovery of waste food” and “production of biogas”.

Case Study: A prestigious brewery based in Norfolk, who produce fine quality real ales have installed an anaerobic digestion (AD) facility for producing biogas to be inputted into the national gas grid. The anaerobic digestion facility is fed with kerbside-collected food waste, food processing waste, supermarket food waste and brewery waste.

Biogas plant pumps are what drives the Anaerobic Digestion Process in all biogas plants.

They are literally the heart of the process. If a biogas plant pump stops working and there is no standby pump, the process will no longer be fed and a biogas production slowdown will start.

Soon, if pumping is not resumed, the plant will shut-down and vital revenue from the products the plant produces, especially the biogas production, will be lost.

 AD Plant down-time is extremely expensive, and also highly damaging to the service that the biogas business is contracted to provide for its customers.

It hardly needs to be stressed here, how important it is that the pumping equipment is of the highest order of reliability, and many would advise that only a specialist pump supplier to the AD industry, with a strong reputation for reliability, can provide the AD plant operator with that level of service. 

The content of this page is summarised in the video below, so you can now find out about Biogas Plant Pumps, by watching our video!

The organic matter is entered into a feed inlet at the start of the process where a rotor chopper breaks down the raw material.

Verderflex pumps move the chopped slurry from holding tanks and through a heat exchanger to raise the temperature prior to entering the main AD facility.

As the hot organic material enters the main AD facility it is dosed reliably and accurately by a Verderflex Dura pump with an inorganic pH buffer to accelerate and maximize the breakdown of the material. The large mass of organic material is ‘churned’ by Verderflex pumps in a plant room connected through a series of pipes to maximize the surface area and further accelerate the AD process and obtain the greatest yield of heat and biogas.

The heat is recycled back into the heat exchanger.
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Slurry Pumps and Slaughterhouse Waste Pumping an Abattoir Pump Case Study

It is a common experience that although many would expect that centrifugal slurry pumps would be suitable for most and slaughterhouse waste pumping applications, they fall short when used in the biogas industry. For biogas processing, it is necessary to pump the entire waste, including the bones because even the bones are a useful biogas source.

So, when the biogas industry process designer seeks to pump this material both into trucks for transport, and then subsequently from the truck at the biogas plant into the biogas digester, the pumps need to be extremely hard-wearing and blockage free.

In fact, pumping slaughterhouse waste which includes all sorts of shapes, and sizes, of bones must be just about the most demanding requirement for any pump. Although, it may be similar to some types of food waste the added presence of sharp and hard bones makes the difference.

To ask a food industry type progressive cavity pump to do this work, or even a heavy-duty screw feeder, may at first appear viable.

But, operators seeking abattoir waste pumps should take care when buying, because wear rates due to the abrasiveness of bone can be a real concern and in the case study which follows it was not until a different pump entirely was specified and installed that a solution was found.

In this article, we provide a case study of a particular abattoir where VERDER Pumps solved a vexing abattoir waste pump blockage and wear problem.

SOLUTION TO MAKING BIOGAS THROUGH PUMPING SLAUGHTERHOUSE WASTE

A Danish biogas plant had frequent problems pumping waste of this kind because the waste contained large-sized bones.
Sometimes the percentage of solid matter increased up to 10-13 %.
Until now the abattoir company used a heavy duty screw feeder, which blocked regularly because of the bones.
Because the feeder was submerged in a large container, downtime was extensive to release the screw feeder again. In a later stage a progressing cavity pump tried to manage pumping this difficult mixture, but the stator suffered extreme wear due to the sharp edged bones.
The required flow had a capacity of 360-540 m3/h. The differential head is approximately 10–15 m. The pump is feeding a large-sized bone crusher.
A VerderHUS screw channel pump was offered for a test period to pump the slaughter waste from the tank to the bone crusher. The pump was not executed with a normal electric motor but was coupled with a hydraulic drive, supplied by the client. The hydraulic drive offers very high torque required in the technical specification (360-540m3/h). The pump speed could be adjusted quickly when needed.
The slaughterhouse waste is now being pumped by the submerged HUS screw channel pump to the homogenizing tank smoothly.
The VerderHUS screw centrifugal pump was tested successfully and offered the perfect solution. Four years after installation the pump runs fully submerged and does not block. The pump is even operating as a bone breaker!
The only two pump parts that have been replaced were an impeller and a suction casing. The company is very satisfied and has installed an extra pump for greater capacity. 

via www.verderliquids.com

Verder can also supply your food waste pump, to their competitive food waste pumps price list. They have a well-reviewed food waste pump for sale, and they also have food waste and slurry pumps for sale in Northern Ireland, Scotland and throughout the UK. Also stocking their own slurry pump parts Request their slurry and food waste pump prices and submersible slurry pumps.

Advantages of Biogas Energy - Shout Louder for UK Anaerobic Digestion

Professionals Need to Shout Louder about their Vision of a Global Biogas Boom

The video and article are inspired by an editorial by Charlotte Morton, ADBA’s Chief Executive.

Advantages of Biogas - Published in the AD and Bioresources News.

Anaerobic Digestion Plants in the UK are already delivering exceptional value, but so far have delivered only a fraction of the potential of this technology.

With further investment the UK Biogas industry can not only keep growing, meeting the UK’s energy security, food security and greenhouse gas goals. But, the Advantages of Biogas can also help the world deliver sustainable development.

Global agreements like COP21 are only a start in terms of recognising the challenges we face.

Climate change is already hindering efforts to reduce poverty and hunger in the developing world. The Advantages of Biogas are badly needed.


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New Test for Inhibition of Biogas Production During Anaerobic Digestion

A quick test for identifying inhibitors in Biogas Substrates is badly needed by the commercial biogas plant industry.

Existing methods such as the Diary Farmer's "Aerobic Plate Count" inhibitor test are not directly applicable to anaerobic biogas conditions, so a New Biogas Inhibition Test Method is badly needed.

A major biogas plant systems provider WELTEC BIOPOWER, has now recognised this need, and has set about developing a solution.

The Problem Which Needs Solving by a New Biogas Inhibition Test for Anaerobic Digestion Plants

Anaerobic digestion plant operators are regularly faced with a dilemma whether or not to accept a feedstock as a biogas plant substrate.

To be told the source of the material in detail is generally not enough to base a reasoned judgement on the applicability of adding that feedstock to an existing or new AD plant.

 A knowledge of such information about a feedstock such as its pH, calorific value, alkalinity, heavy metals content, and ammonia concentration, will be useful.

But, it won't inform the plant operator of possible negative inhibitory effects,and biogas process interruptions, which in extreme cases might possibly occur to the extent that introducing a new feedstock could jeopardise the entire gas production of the digester.

 For this to be made possible, a quick test needs to be developed by experienced water chemistry and biochemistry specialists.

This test needs to provide controlled conditions under which anaerobic biochemical activity can be measured, including biogas yield so that inhibitory factors due to chemicals and even some moulds in a feedstock, can be predicted in advance.

 This is no easy task to accomplish, so watch this space and we will provide further information as more results of the research described below become available.

 Now we suggest that you read the following  WELTEC BIOPOWER PRESS RELEASE ON THIS SUBJECT WHICH WAS RELEASED IN MARCH THIS YEAR:

WELTEC BIOPOWER Develops Innovative Analysis Procedure for Biogas Substrates

Together with renowned partners, the biological department of biogas specialist WELTEC BIOPOWER in Vechta, Germany, is developing a quick test for identifying inhibitors in biogas substrates.

Input mass may contain substances that prevent efficient biogas production. For example, a small amount of mould is sufficient to cause such an adverse effect in silage. Plus, high ammonia from high nitrogen content feeds, is a well-known inhibitor.

Heavy metals, such s copper and zinc can inhibit methanogens. Drugs and and also disinfectants, are also identified as inhibitors in slurry and manure. Even traces of these substances are detrimental to the bacteria in the digester and thus counterproductive to the digestion process.

© Photo Hölzen - WELTEC BIOPOWER has run its lab in Vechta since 2009. In Vechta, the biologists and lab team can conduct all important analyses and regularly examine samples from more than 300 digesters.

Therefore, it is absolutely necessary to identify such inhibitors before transferring the substances into the digester. Since December 2016, WELTEC is involved in a research project to establish a new procedure that will solve this problem.

 The project is subsidised by the German Federal Ministry of Food and Agriculture (BMEL) via Fachagentur Nachwachsende Rohstoffe e.V. (Agency for renewable resources). In collaboration with HAWK, the Göttingen University of Applied Sciences and Art, WELTEC is developing a quick, reliable and inexpensive procedure for identifying inhibitors in input substances.

 For this, various feedstocks are first examined in the WELTEC lab in Vechta and at HAWK in Göttingen with the help of the Ankom system.

This system delivers precise information on the gas production. Moreover, the change of the acid spectrum is monitored while deliberately adding inhibitors.

 The resulting target curves will henceforth be compared with the gas production curves of substrates. This comparison is to reveal whether the substrate contains any inhibitors.

 Previously, the aerobic four-plate inhibitor test used to be employed for identifying inhibitors.

Together with renowned partners, the biological department of biogas specialist WELTEC BIOPOWER in Vechta, Germany, is developing a quick test for identifying inhibitors in biogas substrates.

Actually, this test is designed for the dairy industry and does not reflect the conditions in the digester. Therefore, the test results are not as authoritative as required. With the new anaerobic procedure, results are to be available after three days.

In this way, biogas plant operators will be able to determine the quality of their input materials precisely, speedily and inexpensively.

"The need and demand are on hand. Currently, there is no quick and reliable way to identify such potential process disruptions, though this would be vital to avoid unscheduled downtimes of biogas plants",

explains Sabine Lampe, graduate biologist and supervisor of the research project at WELTEC BIOPOWER. This is what made WELTEC and HAWK initiate the project, in which the Fraunhofer UMSICHT Institute in Oberhausen and Berlin-based analytics specialist aokin are also involved.

"Based on this innovative procedure, biogas plant operators will be able to decide faster whether to buy offered silage or liquid manure or whether to use a certain batch of their own slurry",

explains Sabine Lampe. She added that it would also be possible for substrate providers to use this quick test to furnish evidence of the quality of their product. WELTEC BIOPOWER GmbH · Zum Langenberg 2 · 49377 Vechta · Germany Phone: +49 4441 99978-0 · Fax: +49 4441 99978-8 · Internet: www.weltec-biopower.de

WELTEC Company Profile:

WELTEC BIOPOWER has run its lab in Vechta since 2009. In Vechta, the biologists and lab team can conduct all important analyses and regularly examine samples from more than 300 digesters. The biogas plant manufacturer is thus well equipped to assist plant operators in their daily operations, making sure that the biogas production remains on the success track. via www.weltec-biopower.de

Anaerobic Digestion of Manure Breakthorugh New Technology Raises Farm Throughput x 2!

Anaerobic Digestion of Manure: There has been a breakthrough in the throughput of manure-fed AD Plants! A new pre-treatment process development by Ductor™, raises new hope for super-efficient on-farm manure fed biogas plants.

The Problem With Anaerobic Digestion of Manure

Almost all organic materials such as manure are good feedstock materials for biogas production. Farm manures, from dairy manure, to chicken litter are available in abundance as a feedstock, but until now the AD Plants which process them have all suffered from a huge draw-back. The reactors have to be very large, because the fermentation process is very slow for these high Nitrogen (high-N) materials, and biogas production is low compared with other lower N feeds.

  This means that for on-farm manure anaerobic digestion to be economically viable only very large farms which can provide economy of scale can benefit from these large AD plants.

The Need for a Breakthrough in Manure AD Plant Productivity

Until now the (high-N) reactors have had to be very large, because the fermentation process is very slow for these high Nitrogen (high-N) materials. A breakthrough in AD process technology is needed to raise the throughput rate, and we know this is possible because every cow on the planet does it far more efficiently than any man made biogas reactor!

The Ductor™ Approach which Resulted in AD Plant Productivity Doubled In Tests

High-N materials hamper biogas production by inhibiting the bacteria in charge of breaking down organic material. So, Ductor's process designers said: "What if nitrogen could be separated from feedstock BEFORE biogas production?" So, they embarked on a research and development project to find a way to do just that. And, now this is possible, as a new approach to AD Plant process design using an additional fermentation stage to pre-treat feedstock, which has been developed in Finland by Ductor. This process is known as the Ductor™ fermentation technology, where feedstock is (currently) fermented for about five days to convert organic nitrogen into inorganic one, namely ammonia (NH3). Ammonia is then processed out from slurry by stripping it out and storing it in liquid form, which can be used as a raw material for fertilizer production. According to Ductor's website in a trial the ratio of output fertiliser was 115 tons of ammonium sulphate, and 640 tons of solid organic material (fibrous digestate).

The Benefits of Ductor Fermentation Technology

This approach brings three clear benefits:

1. Nitrogen is separated from bulk material, which now becomes a phosphorous fertilizer, and if potassium hydroxide is used as the pH controlling agent, a P & K fertilizer.
2. Nitrogen no longer hampers the main biogas process, and thus a higher efficiency can be achieved.
3. The removal of nitrogen allows new, high N feedstock materials such as poultry manure.

So, it really is possible to select new methods and approaches, and thus recycle the nutrients in a more efficient way. A great benefit is that additional costs are more than compensated by the benefits brought in as side-effects such as improved biogas yield. However, subject to ABP Regulations compliance, the separated fertiliser (ammonium sulphate) can become a premium value product sold off-farm as a renewable chemical fertiliser for income, while the fibrous digestate is returned to the farm fields to provide fertiliser for the farm itself. Furthermore, it is understood that this process technology, which is very much still in its infancy, can be further developed for even better efficiency.

What Ductor Says About Their Fermentation Technology

"The biological method developed and patented by Ductor eliminates the nitrogen dilemma by turning problem waste into profitable recyclable goods. Fraunhofer UMSICHT has been supporting the development of Ductor™ technology for removing ammonia since 2013. “Here, the process principle and the results of the pilot plant in Helsinki were evaluated. From the results so far, it can be concluded that the technology will work,” says Joachim Krassowski, Group Manager of Energy Supply Systems at Fraunhofer UMSICHT. “The process development of DUCTOR, in my opinion, is very professional and has covered all the necessary steps, from laboratory tests to the development of a semi-industrial test facility, up to the first plant on an industrial scale which was erected in Tuorla." December 2016

via Ductor.com Revolutionary Technology

"The Ductor® solution has a global market"

"Removing 60% of nitrogen – before biogas fermentation – is a ground-breaking innovation for the biogas industry. This is done by adding one fermentation step, prior to biogas fermentation, and a nitrogen stripping unit. This solution opens up a variety of new possibilities for improving the biogas economy and nutrient recycling. Ductor™’s technology has a global market, since the demand for solutions to improve the profitability of biogas production is tremendous everywhere."

via Ductor.com Revolutionary Technology

A "Retro-fitting" Opportunity

At anaerobic-digestion.com we see this process as a retro-fitting opportunity for existing AD plants that are possibly struggling to make a good profit from their current biogas output. Biogas producing businesses in that position may wish to investigate the economic viability of ammonia removal by pre-treatment for their existing biogas plants.

About Ductor™ Corporation:

Ductor™ is a company with a unique portfolio of proprietary and patented technology to improve waste management, energy, and food production. Ductor™ has developed a unique fermentation system that removes more than 60 per cent of nitrogen from organic waste before biogas fermentation. Last year, Ductor™ was awarded a GCCA TOP 10 prize in Taipei. Visit their website at: www.ductor.com

Recycling Food Waste from Fish Morts Using Anaerobic Digestion

There are many sources of waste food, and ways to recycle food waste, but one of the most unusual must be to recycle fish morts by anaerobic digestion.

As the world's population continues to grow so will the amount of this type of waste grow, the main source of fish morts is from the aquaculture of fish, such as salmon and trout and that is very much a growth industry globally.

Therefore, it is quite likely that the anaerobic digestion of fish morts will become commonplace in the future.

 Fish morts are simply dead fish which have died during fisheries activites, but the fish that die during fish farming aquaculture activities are the main source which we will discuss here.

Watch our video about this below! Do you like to see these posts in video form? Please COMMENT to let us know your views.

Since the Animal By-Products (ABP) Regulations were introduced throughout Europe in the 1990s, it has been much more difficult to use fish mort waste in fishmeal and fish oil production.

In the past fish morts with their highly nutricious content were also used as an ingredient of pet foods, but again ABP Regulations and the concern that pet owner's may prefer not to give their pets any food derived from an unpleasant sounding source, have led to a decline.

Changes in the formulation of pet food products have also contributed. In addition, the old fall-back of landfill disposal is not only unsatisfactory to landfill owners who wish to reduce the organic matter sent to landfill (reduce possible landfill odours etc), but UK Landfill Tax makes it prohibitively costly.

Fish morts would preferably be incinerated if there are suitable facilities not too far away from their source, but again the cost is high. Just like any material which is more abundant than the market to use it, fish waste has little or no value.

It therefore, in principle makes a wonderful low-cost feedstock for anaerobic digestion, as long as the AD Plant is licenced to accept and process ABPs.

So, what could be better than to add it to the feed materials of a Scottish AD plant.

In the following Press Release it is explained how Landia, which is one of the world's leading manufacturers of chopper pumps, propeller mixers, aeration systems and advanced process equipment, is doing just that.

Fish Feedstock Used for AD as Landia Wins Important New Contract

Landia has been awarded an important new turnkey contract in Scotland to supply pumping, mixing, ensiling and pasteurization equipment for fish morts (food waste) that will be utilised as feedstock for an expanding AD plant. The 8m3 pasteurizer, which is fitted with Landia’s side-entry propeller mixer and equally robust dry-installed chopper pump will process the fish morts in accordance with ABP (Animal By-Products) regulations, fully approved by vets.

A 10m3 ensiling tank with an 18.5kW stainless steel long shaft chopper pump will also be designed, manufactured, installed and commissioned by Landia’s team of skilled engineers. This unit recirculates and blends the fish morts into a smooth purée, before being discharged into the pasteurizer. With the fish morts suitably mixed, pumped and pasteurized at 70 degrees Celcius by the Landia equipment, gas yields are forecast to increase significantly at the AD plant.

As well as its ensilers and pasteurizers, Landia also supplies the acclaimed GasMix AD digester mixing system and has just launched BioBuster, a new, non-pumping pre-treatment unit for AD feedstocks with high dry matter content. Engineered to last, Landia’s AD and food waste/fish processing waste equipment is based upon a wealth of experience, developed since the company’s first agricultural slurry pump when it began trading in 1933, going on to create the world’s first chopper pump in 1950.

Landia.co.uk Tel: 0044 1948 661 200

Practicalities of Recycling Food Waste from Fish Morts Using Anaerobic Digestion

Wastes like fish waste (food waste) need to be macerated (chopped up) by pre-treating the fish morts waste before it is pumped into the biogas reactor.

In the example above, fish waste is pre-treated into a purée by the system before it is pumped into the biogas reactor, this requires the specialist equipment that only companies like Landia can provide.

 Food waste of this type is capable of producing high biogas yields, but to achieve this the viscous material needs to be well-mixed while in the biogas reactor, and this works best when specialist mixers are also used, such as the Landia GasMix.